Longjing Tea, often referred to as Dragon Well Tea in English, is one of China's most renowned and cherished green teas. Originating from the picturesque West Lake region in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, Longjing has a history spanning over a thousand years, dating back to the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD). This exquisite tea is not only celebrated for its delicate flavor but also revered for its historical significance and cultural heritage.
Longjing tea belongs to the pan-fried category of green teas, which means it undergoes a unique roasting process that distinguishes it from other green tea varieties. The leaves are hand-picked, typically during the early spring harvest, ensuring that only the tenderest buds and leaves are selected. The meticulous hand-pan-frying technique used in processing Longjing tea helps to preserve its natural green color and fresh aroma while imparting a slightly nutty flavor profile.
The art of making Longjing tea involves several intricate steps. First, freshly picked leaves are spread out on a large wok or skillet heated to a precise temperature. The leaves are then gently tossed and rolled by skilled artisans to ensure even heating and to shape the leaves into their characteristic flat appearance. After the initial pan-frying, the leaves are allowed to cool before undergoing a secondary roasting to lock in the flavors and aromas. Finally, the tea is sorted and graded based on size and quality, with the finest leaves being reserved for premium grades.
When it comes to tasting Longjing tea, there are a few key aspects to consider. The dry leaves should be flat and smooth, resembling the shape of a well or dragon's eye, hence the name "Dragon Well." Upon brewing, the tea releases a light golden-green liquor with a fresh, vegetal scent and a subtle, sweet taste. The flavor profile of Longjing tea is often described as having a perfect balance between umami and sweetness, with a lingering aftertaste that is both refreshing and soothing.
To fully appreciate the nuances of Longjing tea, it is recommended to use a transparent glass cup for brewing. This allows one to observe the graceful unfurling of the tea leaves as they steep, revealing their vibrant green hue. The ideal water temperature for brewing Longjing tea ranges between 75-80°C (167-176°F), and it is best enjoyed without any additives to savor its pure essence.
In conclusion, Longjing tea represents the pinnacle of Chinese green tea craftsmanship. Its rich history, distinctive processing method, and exquisite taste make it a favorite among tea connoisseurs worldwide. Whether you are a seasoned tea drinker or a curious newcomer, exploring the world of Longjing tea offers a delightful journey into the heart of Chinese tea culture.