Nestled amidst the lush hills of Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, lies the birthplace of one of China’s most revered green teas – Longjing, or Dragon Well tea. This exquisite beverage, often referred to as the "Green Gold" of China, boasts a history that intertwines with the very essence of Chinese tea culture, dating back over a thousand years.
Longjing's origin traces to the Tang Dynasty (618–907 AD), but it gained prominence during the Qing Dynasty when it was served exclusively to the imperial family. Its name, Dragon Well, is derived from a legendary spring in Hangzhou, said to be the dwelling of a dragon, which supposedly bestowed the tea with its extraordinary qualities. Today, Longjing continues to captivate tea connoisseurs worldwide, celebrated for its unique flavor profile and delicate aroma.
The art of crafting Longjing is a testament to the meticulousness of Chinese tea production. Harvested in early spring, only the tenderest shoots and leaves are handpicked, ensuring the highest quality. The leaves undergo a series of intricate processes: wilting under the sun, fixing by pan-firing to halt oxidation, rolling, and finally drying. It is this labor-intensive pan-firing process that imparts Longjing its distinctive flat shape, resembling the famed West Lake lotus seeds, and contributes to its signature chestnut flavor and vibrant green hue.
To truly appreciate Longjing, one must engage in the traditional Gongfu tea ceremony. Begin by warming the teapot and cups with hot water to enhance the flavors. Use approximately 3 grams of Longjing per 150ml of water at an optimal temperature of 80-85°C (176-185°F). Allow the first infusion to steep for about 1 minute before discarding it—a ritual known as "washing the tea." Subsequent infusions can be enjoyed for 2-3 minutes each, revealing layers of complexity with every brew. Observe the dance of the leaves as they unfurl gracefully in the water, releasing their full spectrum of flavors.
When savoring Longjing, note its smooth texture and a harmonious balance between sweetness and umami, complemented by a subtle vegetal undertone. The finish is long-lasting, leaving a refreshing aftertaste that lingers on the palate.
In embracing Longjing tea, you embark on a journey through time, tasting not just a beverage but a piece of living history. Its cultivation and preparation reflect the profound respect for nature and tradition inherent in Chinese culture. As you sip this emerald elixir, allow yourself to be transported to the misty mountains of Hangzhou, where each cup narrates tales of ancient wisdom and serene landscapes.
In the realm of global tea heritage, Longjing stands as a shining example of China's commitment to excellence in tea artistry. Its legacy continues to thrive, inviting new generations to discover the magic within each carefully crafted leaf. So, next time you crave an escape into tranquility, let a cup of Longjing be your guide, whispering stories of distant lands and timeless traditions.