Longjing tea, also known as Dragon Well tea, is one of China's most revered and iconic green teas. Originating from the picturesque West Lake region in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, this exquisite tea has a history that spans over a thousand years. It is said that the name "Longjing" was bestowed upon this tea by Kangxi Emperor during his visit to the area, inspired by a local well believed to be an abode for dragons.
There are two primary varieties of Longjing tea: Xinchang Longjing and Shi Feng Longjing. Both share the same delicate flavor profile but differ slightly in their appearance and processing methods. Xinchang Longjing features a slender, flat shape reminiscent of a spear, whereas Shi Feng Longjing boasts a more robust, twisted form.
The meticulous crafting of Longjing tea is a testament to the artistry and dedication of Chinese tea masters. The process begins with the careful selection of tender leaves and buds, typically harvested in early spring when the first shoots emerge. These fresh leaves are then pan-fried in a wok at high temperatures, which not only halts oxidation but also imparts a distinctive, savory flavor to the tea. The skilled artisan must constantly toss and turn the leaves to ensure even heating and prevent burning, a process that requires immense concentration and experience.
One of the hallmark characteristics of Longjing tea is its unique chestnut aroma, which is a result of the specific cultivar and the precise roasting technique employed during production. When brewed, the tea unfurls gracefully in hot water, revealing a pale yellow-green hue and releasing a fragrant bouquet that captivates the senses.
To truly appreciate the nuances of Longjing tea, it is essential to follow proper brewing techniques. Begin by preheating the teapot or gaiwan with boiling water to maintain a consistent temperature. Use approximately 3 grams of loose leaves per 150 ml of water, adjusted according to personal preference. Infuse the leaves with water heated to around 80°C (176°F) for about 2-3 minutes. As you pour, take note of the tea's clarity and color, and inhale deeply to capture its enchanting aroma before taking your first sip. Allow the tea to roll over your palate, savoring its smooth texture and subtle sweetness, with a lingering aftertaste that evokes the essence of springtime.
In conclusion, Longjing tea represents the epitome of Chinese green tea craftsmanship, combining centuries-old traditions with a deep respect for nature's bounty. Its rich history, diverse varieties, intricate production process, and unique flavor profile make it a cherished treasure among tea enthusiasts worldwide. As you embark on your journey exploring the world of Longjing tea, may each cup bring you a moment of tranquility and a deeper connection to the timeless art of Chinese tea culture.