Longjing (Dragon Well) tea, a gem among Chinese green teas, has captivated tea enthusiasts for centuries with its unique flavor profile and delicate aroma. Originating from the picturesque West Lake region in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, this tea is not just a beverage but an experience steeped in history and tradition.
The name "Longjing" translates to "Dragon Well," referencing both the legendary spring near which it is grown and the dragon-shaped rolling technique used in its processing. This method involves skillfully pan-frying the leaves over high heat to halt oxidation while preserving their vibrant color and fresh taste. It is said that the art of crafting Longjing dates back to the Qianlong Emperor during the Qing Dynasty, who was so impressed by the tea's quality that he designated 18 specific tea bushes as the "Imperial Tea Bushes."
There are several grades of Longjing, ranging from Xi Hu Di Ming (West Lake District), which is considered the highest quality and most authentic, to other less prestigious regions. True West Lake Longjing features a flat shape resembling a spearhead, with a smooth texture and a bright yellowish-green hue when brewed.
The process of making Longjing begins with careful handpicking of the tenderest buds and leaves, typically in early spring when the first flush of growth occurs. After picking, the leaves undergo immediate pan-frying to fix their green color and enhance their natural flavors. They are then shaped and dried through a series of meticulous steps that require expert craftsmanship.
To fully appreciate Longjing, one must pay attention to the nuanced ritual of its preparation and tasting. The ideal water temperature for brewing is around 80°C to 85°C (176°F to 185°F). The tea should be steeped briefly, usually for about 2-3 minutes, to avoid extracting any bitterness. When done correctly, the liquor reveals a pale jade color with a sweet, slightly nutty flavor accompanied by a lingering, refreshing finish.
In conclusion, Longjing is more than just a type of tea; it embodies the essence of Chinese tea culture—a harmonious blend of nature, artistry, and tranquility. Whether you are a seasoned connoisseur or a curious newcomer, experiencing Longjing is an invitation to partake in a timeless tradition that continues to enchant and inspire tea lovers around the world.