Longjing, also known as Dragon Well tea, is one of China's most celebrated green teas, originating from the picturesque region surrounding West Lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. This exquisite tea has been cherished for centuries and holds a revered place in Chinese culture.
The history of Longjing tea dates back to the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD), but it gained prominence during the Qing Dynasty when Emperor Kangxi visited a local temple and was served this delightful brew. Enthralled by its flavor and aroma, he bestowed upon it the imperial title "Xi Hu Long Jing," meaning "Dragon Well" due to the spring water source used in its preparation.
There are several grades of Longjing tea, categorized based on the quality of the leaves and the time of harvest. The highest grade, Bi Luo Chun, is made from tender young buds and consists of flat, smooth leaves with a slightly twisted shape. Other grades include Tong Wei, which includes both buds and leaves, and Huang Ban, featuring older leaves and a more robust flavor profile.
The production process of Longjing tea is an art form in itself. It involves careful handpicking of the freshest tea leaves, followed by pan-firing over high heat to halt oxidation and preserve the vibrant green color. The leaves are then shaped and dried through a series of rolling and roasting steps, resulting in the distinctive flat appearance characteristic of Longjing.
To truly appreciate the nuances of Longjing tea, one must engage in proper tasting techniques. Begin by warming the teapot with hot water before discarding it. Add approximately one teaspoon of Longjing per cup and pour hot water (not boiling) over the leaves. Allow the tea to steep for about two minutes before serving. Observe the delicate dance of the leaves as they unfurl in the water, releasing their subtle fragrance. Sip slowly, savoring the mild sweetness and the lingering umami notes that define this elegant tea.
In conclusion, Longjing tea is not merely a beverage; it is a testament to the rich heritage and meticulous craftsmanship of Chinese tea culture. Whether enjoyed during a quiet moment of reflection or shared among friends, this exceptional green tea offers a window into the soul of China's tea tradition.