Chinese green tea, known for its vibrant color and refreshing taste, has a history that spans over four millennia. It is believed to have been discovered during the Shang dynasty (1600-1046 BC) when Emperor Shen Nong tasted the boiled leaves of a wild tea tree. Since then, green tea has become an integral part of Chinese culture and daily life.
There are numerous varieties of Chinese green tea, each with unique characteristics and flavors. Some of the most popular ones include Longjing (Dragon Well), Biluochun (Phoenix's Eyes), Maojian (Hair Peak), and Huangshan Maofeng (Yellow Mountain Fur Peak). Each type of green tea is named after its shape, origin, or the story behind it. For instance, Longjing tea is so named because its leaves resemble the shape of a dragon well, while Biluochun tea is called "Phoenix's Eyes" due to its resemblance to the eye of a phoenix.
The production of Chinese green tea involves several meticulous steps that preserve the natural flavors and nutrients of the fresh leaves. First, the freshly picked leaves are spread out to wilt under sunlight or indoors. Then, they are rolled by hand or machine to release their juices and aroma. After rolling, the leaves undergo a pan-firing process at high temperatures to halt oxidation, preserving their green color. Finally, the tea is dried and sorted according to quality before packaging.
Tasting Chinese green tea is an art form in itself. To fully appreciate its delicate flavor, one must follow certain etiquette. Begin by warming the teapot with hot water to ensure even brewing. Use about 3-5 grams of loose-leaf tea per 150ml water. Steep the tea in water heated between 70-80°C (158-176°F) for 1-3 minutes, depending on personal preference. The first infusion is often discarded to clean the leaves, followed by multiple subsequent infusions that reveal different facets of the tea's flavor profile.
In conclusion, Chinese green tea offers not only a delightful beverage but also a window into China's rich cultural heritage. Its diverse varieties and intricate craftsmanship make it a fascinating subject for exploration. Whether you're a seasoned tea connoisseur or a curious newcomer, delving into the world of Chinese green tea promises a rewarding experience filled with history, tradition, and exquisite taste.