Keemun black tea, known as "Qi Men Hong Cha" in Chinese, is a type of black tea that originates from the Huangshan region in Anhui Province, China. It is one of the most famous and historically significant black teas in China, with a history that dates back to the late Qing Dynasty.
Keemun is renowned for its unique flavor profile, which is often described as having a sweet, fruity, and slightly smoky taste. The tea leaves are typically small and twisted, with a dark brown color and a hint of gold tips. There are several sub-varieties of Keemun, including Mao Feng, Hao Ya, and Hong Ya, each with its own distinct characteristics and processing methods.
The crafting of Keemun black tea is an intricate process that involves several stages: withering, rolling, oxidation (fermentation), and drying. The withering process allows the leaves to lose moisture, which is essential for the subsequent steps. Rolling breaks down the cell walls of the leaves, releasing enzymes that will contribute to the tea's flavor. Oxidation is the stage where the tea leaves turn from green to red, and it is during this time that the characteristic flavor of black tea develops. Finally, the drying process stops the oxidation and removes any remaining moisture, ensuring the tea's longevity.
To fully appreciate the depth and complexity of Keemun black tea, one must engage in the art of tasting. Begin by warming the teapot and cups with hot water to enhance the aroma when the tea is poured. Use about one teaspoon of loose leaf tea per cup and pour freshly boiled water over the leaves, allowing them to steep for 3-5 minutes. The color of the brewed tea should be a rich, reddish-brown, and the aroma should be sweet and inviting.
When tasting Keemun, pay attention to the initial sweetness, the depth of flavor, and any lingering aftertaste. A high-quality Keemun will have a smooth, mellow taste with hints of fruitiness and a clean, refreshing finish. The tea should not be bitter or astringent, which can be signs of over-steeping or poor quality.
In conclusion, Keemun black tea is a testament to the rich history and craftsmanship of Chinese tea production. Its unique flavor and aroma make it a favorite among tea connoisseurs worldwide. By understanding its history, appreciating its craftsmanship, and mastering the art of tasting, one can truly savor the enchanting world of Keemun black tea.